The Flesh & Blood Judge Exam Study Guide
The Level 0 Exam
The FAB Judge program consists of three levels (0, 1, and 2) and judges advance through the levels by participating in the community, taking exams, and gaining recommendations from fellow judges. This guide is focused on the Level 0 advancement process.
We define a Level 0 Judge as a judge who should be able to master the fundamentals of Flesh and Blood, including basic tournament sanctioning and the rules in the updated Heroes Handbook (coming soon!). A Level 0 Judge should feel confident running a Welcome Event or other Learn to Play Events.
The exam consists of 40 multiple choice questions, with 34 correct answers required to pass. If you do not pass, you may immediately retake the exam. You may take as many attempts as you need to pass the exam without any further restrictions.
The Level 0 Exam Rules Expectations
This list is not comprehensive; it’s designed to be a guide to get to a passing score. You may be asked about things that do not appear on this list.
- Match Structure
- Turn Structure
- Combat Structure
- Location and Identification of Zones
- Types of resources (Life points, action points, pitch, etc.etc)
- Start-of-game and End-of-game procedure
- Basic playing / activating of cards
- Identification of triggers
- Identification of Hero-card vs Deck-card vs Arena-card
- The differences between Weapon attacks and Attack Actions Cards
- Basic keywords and their application (Attack, go again, get {p}, draw)
- When abilities apply on defending cards
The Level 0 Exam Policy Expectations
- Tournament sanctioning requirements
- Format definitions
- Event types by Rules Enforcement Levels
- Roles within an event
- Card legality
- Concession legality
- Game layout requirements
The Level 1 Exam
The FAB Judge program consists of three levels (0, 1, and 2) and judges advance through the levels by participating in the community, taking exams, and gaining recommendations from fellow judges. This guide is focused on the exam portion of that advancement – specifically the level 1 rules and policy exams.
We define a Level 1 Judge as a judge who should be able to explain all of the fundamental elements of FAB, and make rulings on common/meta interactions between 2-3 cards with the aid of the CR.
We intend in the future to make this level focused on Casual Rules Enforcement Level events, but but currently require candidates to pass an exam on Competitive and Professional Rules Enforcement Level policy because Level 1 Judges have the ability to Head Judge Competitive in-store events.
The exam consists of two halves (L1A – Rules and L1B – Policy); each has 20 multiple choice questions (a mix of single answer selection and multiple answer selection) with 17 correct answers required to pass. The exam has a 90-day cooldown, and you must pass both halves and submit your checklist within 120 days or your score will expire.
If you wish you can schedule a paper test at most Tier 3 or higher Organized Play events (Battle Hardeneds, Callings, Pro Tours, etc.) and some other limited opportunities. If you have made 3 attempts at a half of the exam, you will need to work with a mentor to unlock a 4th or later attempt. Please see this article for more information about the retake policy or paper exams.
The Level 1 Rules Exam
This list is not comprehensive, it’s designed to be a guide to get to a passing score. You may be asked up to 2 questions about things that do not appear on this list.
The rules exam is designed to challenge your understanding of common/meta interactions. More specifically, we expect a Level 1 Judge to be able to answer questions on the following topics:
- All rules content on the Level 0 Exam, including in more complex scenarios than appear on the Level 0.
- Object Identities (referring to cards by monikers, types, etc.etc)
- Application of Last Known Information
- When conditional effects apply
- Steps to play a card or activate an ability (including choosing targets, making choices, paying costs, and resolution, along with how priority is handled during this process)
- Priority (including when it’s gained, how it passes between players, when effects resolve or become active)
- How objects move between zones
- Legal targeting options
- Application of a replacement effect to an interaction
- Modification of card/ability costs (alternate costs, cost increases and decreases, etc.)
- The process of resolving layers (including how it fails)
- The difference between X and * values
- Modifications of properties (including counters)
- How to resolve triggers in phases where no player has priority
- Resolving stalemates and deadlocks
- The difference between can’t gain vs lose a property
- How simultaneous effects (including replacement effects and triggers) are ordered
- Core combat mechanics (including how on hit effects work and the steps of combat)
- How common keywords work
- Double face card interactions with zone changes
The Level 1 Policy Exam
This list is not comprehensive, it’s designed to be a guide to get to a passing score. You may be asked up to 2 questions about things that do not appear on this list.
The Level 1 Policy Exam is designed to challenge your understanding of the fundamentals of running a Competitive Rules Enforcement Level event. More specifically, we expect a Level 1 Judge to be able to answer questions on the following topics:
- All policy (including Tournament Procedure) content on the Level 0 Exam, including in more complex scenarios than appear on the Level 0.
- Gameplay Errors as listed in the PPG
- All three types of deck issues: Deck Presentation Error, Decklist Error, and Card-pool Contents Error
- Conduct related infractions and their application (specifically Unsporting Conduct in both Minor and Major variations, and Aggressive Behavior)
- Applying the PPG as written to any listed infraction
- Using the guidelines within the TRP to settle disagreements that would disrupt tournament flow (i.e. when players disagree about how to randomize something)
- The Judge Code of Conduct and how violations of it are handled
- Understanding the Judge Core Philosophy of balancing education, equity, and mission.
The Level 2 Exam
The FAB Judge program consists of three levels (0, 1, and 2) and judges advance through the levels by participation in the community, taking exams, and gaining recommendations from fellow judges. This guide is focused on the exam portion of that advancement, and specifically the level 2 exam.
We define a Level 2 Judge as a judge who should be able to explain complex interactions in FAB using technical details, and make rulings on uncommon/abstract interactions between any number of cards with the aid of the CR. On the policy side, we expect them to be able to confidently lead a 32-player ProQuest or Road to Nationals with the help of a Floor Judge and correctly rule on the policy questions that would come up within such an event.
The Level 2 Rules Exam
This list is not comprehensive, it’s designed to be a guide to get to a passing score. You may be asked up to 2 questions about things that do not appear on this list.
The rules exam is designed to challenge your mastery of the more technical interactions within FAB. More specifically, we expect a Level 2 Judge to be able to answer questions on the following topics:
- All content from the Level 1 Rules Exam and the rules content from the Level 0 Exam, including in more complex scenarios than appear on those exams
- Copying effects (including what properties are copyable)
- Card visibility across zones and when moving between zones
- Removing layers from the stack
- Interactions between replacement effects
- How to apply macros
- Application of continuous effects as events
- Staging system interactions
- The difference between attack-layers and attack-proxies
- Issues created in multi-target fights (i.e. rules around changing targets mid-Combat Chain)
- Default parameters of effects
- Edge cases of keywords (including interactions that are currently theoretical but clearly supported within the existing rules)
A final note on the Level 2 Rules Exam: this is considered by many judges the hardest exam in the program. This is an intentional challenge, as our intent is that the program should be confident that someone who passes this will deliver accurate rulings across their participation in FAB.
Questions on this exam can deal with numerous cards, as many of them are based on real situations seen by judges in the field. As a result, we, strongly encourage candidates to have some way to lay out combat chains and board states while you take this exam.
The Level 2 Policy Exam
This list is not comprehensive, it’s designed to be a guide to get to a passing score. You may be asked up to 2 questions about things that do not appear on this list.
We are currently in the process of rebuilding the Level 2 Policy Exam to meet the current needs of the program. Until that exam is released, the Level 2 Policy Exam guide is the same as the Level 1 Policy Exam guide as they were built with similar intent.
The following study guide is based on the expected new version of the policy exam that will be issued by the end of Q2 2024. We will announce on the JudgeHub Forums in the Official Frequent Updates category when this transition happens.
The Level 2 Policy Exam is designed to test the skills expected of a Head Judge of a 32-player ProQuest / Road to Nationals, with more depth around the most frequently seen issues. More specifically,we expect a Level 2 Judge to be able to answer questions on the following topics:
- All content from the Level 1 Policy Exam and the policy content from the Level 0 Exam, including in more complex scenarios than appear on those exams
- The correct application of fixes for Game Rules Violations
- The correct application of fixes for Missed Triggers
- Rules Sharking, Cheating, and the difference between the two
- The Tournament Materials Chapter of the TRP
- The Tournament Logistics Chapter of the TRP
- The Gameplay Logistics Chapter of the TRP
- The correct application of upgrades and downgrades
- Identifying the correct infraction and penalty when multiple infractions occur within the same call
- Fixing complicated situations while balancing the three pillars of judging.
- Dealing with appeals from your floor judge
General Exam Notes
So now that we’ve broken down exactly what is on each exam, let’s talk a bit about the exam itself.
First, I strongly recommend you read the exam introduction guide — it’s got everything in it about how we use language within the exams (like our standardized name list — each name is there to help you!)
Second, take the exams seriously — particularly the Level 2! Take them when you’re well rested, well-fed, and mentally ready. They’ll be there tomorrow if you aren’t ready today. It’s better to wait one extra day now than be frustrated during the whole cooldown because you did it when you weren’t ready!
Third, remember — it’s a game. If you’re not having fun during this process, I would strongly advise you to take a step back and make sure advancing down this path is really what you want. I’m a nervous test-taker myself, so so I understand the stress and anxiety that comes with testing, but but if the journey isn’t worth it then the destination won’t be either.
Fourth (and last of the more philosophical ones), remember an old adage: “You either pass or you learn.” You may fail an exam or two along your pathway through FAB — that’s ok! Use the exams you’ve taken (pass or fail) to learn where you’re strong and where you need to shore up, then take some time to do it. One of the reasons the exams have serious cooldowns is to give you time to develop without the pressure of knowing there’s a possibility of taking an exam right now.
Ok, now for the things specific to card game exams (and a few specific to the FAB exam infrastructure) that have helped either me or friends (share yours in the comments!):
- During exams, I keep a multicolored set of index cards with me, so I can map the cards on my screen to physical things and lay them out in a way that works for my brain.
- The text presented on the text version of cards is always the most recent version and incorporates any errata – there’s a button on the bottom right of the screen that lets you flip all the images to text. If you need art for a card, you can click it again to “flip” it back to art.
- Many people find success by doing the exam, SAVING IT, then getting away from it for a few hours (or overnight!) then going through it again. You have a full 24 hours from when you first load the exam to submit your answers (though note: it’s exactly 24 hours — to the nanosecond — don’t be late).
- Related: you don’t have to do the entire exam in one go! It’s ok to take a break, stretch, whatever (though if you’re doing an in-person printed exam you may want to be respectful of your proctor’s time). I know of a judge who passed their L1 Rules by answering four questions after each round of their Armory so they could be in game flow between question sets!
- Once you’ve taken one of the exams, you’ll see that we provide a full explanation of the correct answer (including document citations) after you’ve completed the exam. I have a notepad open during the exam and try to write what I think those explanations will be for questions I’m unsure about. Studies have shown that writing like that can help you work through ideas.
- Always do a final review of your answers before you press submit! Almost a third of the emails I get asking for retakes are from someone saying “I was sure I changed this answer before pressing submit!” or “I meant to put B, but but I selected C” — neither of those get very far (side note: if you want insurance against that print to PDF your exam just before you press submit — we’ve yet to find a bug that changes answers but if this is something that worries you it doesn’t hurt to have a backup)
- Remember this is an open-book, open-note, but not open-friend, (or open-discord and ask them) exam. We want to know about your ability to use the documents to get to correct answers. If you are found to have gone on Discord and asked for answers, your scores will be invalidated and be sent to the JCC for review (read that confidentiality statement before you start the exam!).
- Not every answer given on the Internet is correct — use your own judgment (and the rules docs!). Some of those answers on social media were correct at the time, but but the rules docs have shifted since then (important related note: release notes are generally not updated after the set release, so if rules change later those documents may not be current).
Lastly, and this is the most important for a chunk of the community: if there is a reasonable test taking accommodation that will make this possible for you, don’t hesitate to reach out to let us work with you on it.
Off the top of my head that might mean a paper exam in a quiet room away from an event, a large type (or special font) version of the exam, an exam reader who can read the text aloud for you, or a silent listener who you can explain your answer to (but they won’t give you feedback). As long as it doesn’t change the knowledge level required, we’re open to the conversation — FAB is for everyone.
For some accommodations that we haven’t fully tested, there may be limited availability (you may have to trial it with a testing team member), so please reach out as soon as you have a concern so we can start making plans.
Author
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Joe Kavanagh is a Level 2 judge based in Southern California. In addition to his role in JudgeHub's development, he also leads the Judge Exam Team.
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